Short answer: Check the Mount's own causeway calculator for your exact date the night before — not the week before. It's walkable for roughly four hours around low tide, the window shifts 40–50 minutes every day, and it takes about 15 minutes to cross.
Every year people stand on Marazion beach looking at a causeway that is under the sea, because they read the tide times for a different day. The Mount has a genuinely good tool for this — it just needs using properly.
The cobbled causeway from Chapel Rock to the island harbour is exposed for roughly four hours around each low tide. Because low tide comes about 50 minutes later every day, the walking window moves through the day across a fortnight: you might get a 9am crossing one week and a 3pm crossing the next. There is no time you can memorise.
St Michael's Mount publishes a daily access calendar on its own website that marks each day as walking, boat, or closed, with the exact causeway opening and closing times. It's the only tool worth using — a general Penzance tide table won't tell you when the cobbles are actually clear. Check it for the day you're going, and check again that morning if the weather is rough.
The mistake is crossing at the end of the window. Cross as soon as it opens, do the island, and walk back with an hour to spare. If the tide beats you, boats run from mid-March to the end of October (about £3.20 an adult one-way) and there are staff at the harbour to tell you which landing to use. Outside those months there are no boats: if the causeway closes, you wait.
Walking the causeway and looking at the harbour from the mainland side is free. Stepping onto the island itself requires a castle or garden ticket in season, and those need pre-booking — nobody sells them at the harbour gate.
See the full Marazion guide, filtered by who's with you.
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